What is Solar panel

Solar panel is a device that uses Photovoltaic(PV) technology to convert sunlight into electricity. They are often called PV modules as they are made up of multiple photovoltaic cells which generate direct current (DC) when exposed to sunlight.

How do Solar Modules Work?.

Solar modules, also known as solar panels, work by converting sunlight into electricity using a process called the photovoltaic (PV) effect. Here's a clear breakdown of how it all works:

1. Basic Components of a Solar Module: A typical solar module is made up of:
   • • Photovoltaic cells (usually made of silicon)
     • Glass layer to protect from weather
     • Anti-reflective coating to absorb more sunlight
     • Metal frame to hold everything together
     • Wiring to transfer the electricity together
   Each solar module contains many solar cells, usually wired together in a series or parallel circuit to increase voltage and current.

2. The Photovoltaic Effect This is the core of how solar cells work :
   • • Sunlight hits the solar cell which is made from semiconducting materials like silicon.
     • Photons (light particles) carry energy that knocks electrons loose in the silicon atoms.
     • These freed electrons start moving, creating a flow of electric current.
     • Metal contacts on the top and bottom of the cell collect these electrons and channel them into wires, producing direct current (DC) electricity.

3. From DC to Usable Power
   • • The DC electricity generated by solar panels is then sent to a solar inverter.
     • The inverter converts DC into alternating current (AC), which is the type of electricity used in homes and businesses.
     • This electricity can either be:
       • Used immediately to power devices
       • Stored in batteries
       • Or fed into the electrical grid for net metering

In Simple Terms "Sunlight hits the solar panel → electrons get excited → electricity flows → inverter converts it → you power your home!"

Why Should You Buy Solar Panels?.

Investing in solar panels is one of the smartest and most forward-thinking decisions a homeowner or business can make today. As energy demands rise and electricity costs continue to climb, solar power offers a clean, reliable, and financially rewarding alternative. Whether you're looking to cut down on your energy bills, reduce your carbon footprint, or ensure energy independence, solar energy offers a comprehensive solution.

1. Significant Savings on Electricity Bills
   • Solar panels can drastically reduce or even eliminate your electricity expenses. By generating your own power, you rely less on the grid and shield yourself from rising energy costs. Over time, these savings can outweigh the initial cost of installation, turning solar into a profitable investment.

2. Energy Independence in Remote or Power-Cut-Prone Areas
   • In areas where the grid is unstable or non-existent, solar panels offer unmatched reliability. With the right solar setup and battery backup, you can enjoy uninterrupted power even during outages—an essential feature for rural homes, farms, and businesses.

3. Positive Environmental Impact 
   • Choosing solar is a commitment to a cleaner, greener planet. Solar energy is renewable and emission-free, which means every unit of electricity generated by your solar panels reduces dependence on fossil fuels and helps combat climate change.

4. Access to Government Subsidies and Incentives 
   • Both central and state governments in India offer generous subsidies and incentives to promote solar adoption. These financial benefits significantly lower the upfront cost and improve your return on investment, making solar more accessible than ever.

How Much Does Solar Panels for Home Cost in India [2025]?.

Solar panels are a cost effective alternative to regular electricity. The cost of solar panel installation varies depending on the type of solar panels and the technologies used in their manufacturing.

Updated Solar Panel Price List

UTL Solar Panel Model Name	MRP (Inclusive of all Taxes)	Sale Price (Inclusive of all Taxes)
100 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 6,600.00	Rs. 4,396.00
160 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 9,346.00	Rs. 5,242.00
265 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 16,415.00	Rs. 10,893.00
335 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 16,415.00	Rs. 12,429.00
40 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 2,880.00	Rs. 1,954.00
60 Watt Solar Panel	Rs. 4,140.00	Rs. 2,738.00
Mono Solar Panel 165 Watt	Rs. 9,570.00	Rs. 6,745.00
Mono Solar Panel 200 Watt	Rs. 11,600.00	Rs. 8,820.00
Mono Solar Panel 400 Watt	Rs. 20,800.00	Rs. 16,660.00

*Prices are dynamic and may change without prior notice. Please confirm the latest price before purchase.

What factors affect the efficiency of solar PV modules?

Solar module efficiency depends on:

• Amount of sunlight received
• Panel orientation and tilt
• Shading on roofs
• Panel quality

What maintenance is required for solar panels?

• Occasional cleaning to remove dirt.
• Inspection for any damage or issues.
• Ensuring proper electrical connections.
• Routine checks by a professional installer can help maintain peak performance.

In terms of quality, how do your solar panels compare to other solar panel companies in India?

UTL solar panels are built to last. We use highly efficient grade A solar cells to capture more sunlight and convert it into power. These cells are crafted from silicon and deliver strong performance even in low-light conditions. UTL's durable frames protect the panels from harsh weather and can withstand 5400 Pa snow load and 2400 Pa wind load.

How much does 1 kiloWatt solar panel cost?

1kW solar panel price in India depends on the combination of solar modules that makes 1 kiloWatt. You can choose any combo based on your requirements.

• 5 x 200W solar panels cost approx. Rs. 33,000
• 3 x 335W solar panels cost approx. Rs. 33,500
• 2 x 540W solar panels cost approx Rs. 24,000

Can solar panels work during rainy or cloudy days?

Photovoltaic panels can generate current even during unideal conditions like rain or cloud. Although, their output may be reduced. However, modern UTL solar panels are designed to capture diffused sunlight and continue producing power even in less than ideal weather conditions.

How do I know if my home is fit for solar panel installation?

Homes with shadow free roofs are generally considered ideal for solar panel installation. You can easily request a free site evaluation from a solar panel manufacturer to get the best idea.

What happens to solar panels at the end of their lifespan?

At the end of their lifespan (typically 25-30 years), solar panels can be recycled to recover materials like silicon, glass, and aluminum. 

How does net metering work with solar panels?

Net metering allows rooftop solar panel owners to store excess energy from their solar system and export that extra power to the grid. This helps in significantly reducing the electricity bills in future.

What is the process of installing solar panels?

The installation process typically involves site assessment, design, obtaining permits, installation of panels and inverters, connection to the grid (if applicable), and final inspection. A professional installer handles each step to ensure a smooth installation.

What factors should I consider while planning to install solar panels?

You should keep the following in mind while planning to buy solar panels

1. Check if your rooftop has sufficient shadow free space
2. Find out the upfront costs of solar panel installation
3. Determine what type solar panels you want installed (Mono PERC, Polycrystalline, Half-cut/Bifacial)
4. Check the warranty of solar panels
5. Research the brands you wish to buy solar panels from